Maghreb





peaceful Mass Protests in Algeria - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN

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  • "the peaceful - mass protest movement - in Algeria !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "protests - for real democracy - last months !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "at first the army was neutral - and the people respected this - but then was - Ahmed Gaid Salah !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "huge crowds - have massed in the capital - to protest against !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the election of - Abdelmadjid Tebboune ! - ( a former loyalist - of the deposed - Abdelaziz Bouteflika ! ) - ( military ! )"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "in a widely boycotted - poll - the demonstrators !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "demand - real democracy - working for the best - of the country !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the peaceful mass protest movement - has mounted weekly demonstrations !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "forcing - Abdelaziz Bouteflika - to step down !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "Tebboune - was described - the softest version - of this system !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "in a televised debate - the first such broadcast event - in Algeria’s history !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the five candidates - faced 13 questions - the youngest was 56 !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "mainly on the country’s - political - economic - and social situation !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "corruption - and money laundering convictions - have landed !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "two former - prime ministers - in jail - Ahmed Ouyahia - 15-years !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "Abdelmalek Sellal - 12 years - and former cabinet ministers !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "Youcef Yousfi - and Mahdjoub Bedda - have each been handed 10 years !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "while businessmen - Ali Haddad - Ahmed Mazouz - Hassan Arbaoui !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "and Mohamed Bairi - were each jailed for seven years !

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the protesters - want a transition to - real democracy !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "a country - that respects rights - and justice !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 


 

 

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  • "and want the real problems - in the country - to be solved !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


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Tunisia is democratic Success Story
- Hamza Meddeb: LINK ¤ CARNEGIE

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  • "Tunisia - is a democratic - success story - that is celebrated !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "but there are also - challenges - social - and elites !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "analysts - very actively celebrate the - Tunisian - "success"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "as a - "model" - the promotion of a - "bon élève démocratique"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "there must not be - neoliberal - or depoliticizing assumptions !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "what Tunisians achieve - over the past years - is indeed extraordinary !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the Tunisian National Constitutional Assembly - TNCA - has succeeded !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "in drafting - a new constitution - a unique experiment !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "of collective deliberation - parliamentary - and presidential elections !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "are organized successfully - and these elections - effectively !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "and peacefully - bring about a period - of transition !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "and civil society - is extremely mobilized - and vigilant !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "with an impressive proliferation - of associations - artistic performances !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 


 

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  • "and new media - these achievements - give reason for hope !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "but in social justice - and political pluralism - there should be more done !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "have not yet been achieved - in the way - they should !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "there should be - more - political vision - and inclusive debates !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "on reforms - that are adapted - to the needs - and constraints - of the Tunisian society !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "strikes - demonstrations - and occupations of work places - have increased !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "members of the - health sector - teachers - railway workers !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "civil servants - have organized numerous protests - and strikes !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "for fair employment - and the sustainable development - of their region !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "oil companies - must not be installed - without endorsing any social - or environmental responsibility !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "second - the TNCA - is a truly pluralist - experiment !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "it brings to the fore - a new - younger - more diverse !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "political class - with different backgrounds !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "moreover - it allows for the parties - and actors - to actually !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "resolve conflicts - through deliberation - and negotiation !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "but sometimes - there was conflict avoidance - rather than conflict resolution !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "where compromise - was mutual cooptation - and neutralization - between the parties !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the politicians - must not "share the cake" - between themselves !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "or some persons - that would call themselves - elite !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "third - there should be - no one-sided - geopolitical !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "and economic pressure - from foreign powers ! - ( economic - self - interests ! )"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "so that Tunisia - now can find - its own way !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "with a social compromise - between labor forces - and capital holders !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "who need to agree - on which structural reforms - should be adopted !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 


 

 

 

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  • "and Tunisia's democracy - is in need - of more solidarity !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 


 


 

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ALGERIA
- Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ ALGERIA




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Algeria proposed constitutional Reforms - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN

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  • "Algeria’s government - has published two significant - draft constitutional !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "reforms - that seem intended - to send out a message to critics !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "of the country’s commitment - to democracy - the Algerian presidency !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "published plans - to restrict - serving presidents - to two terms of office !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "it also wants to make - Amazigh - spoken by the country’s indigenous !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "Berber minority - an official language !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Sarkozy's Trip to Algeria - US cable - 2007: LINK ¤ 07PARIS3237

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  • "at Sarkozy's first visit - outside Europe - to Algeria - and Tunisia !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "he proposed a still vague - Mediterranean union initiative !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "for Algerians - there were disagreements - over Sarkozy's refusal !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "to atone publicly - for the behaviour - of France's past !"

 


 

 

 

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  • "this meant no French - "repentance" - for past actions !"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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MOROCCO - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ MOROCCO



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Morocco approved constitutional Reforms - BBC: LINK ¤ B B C

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  • "Moroccans - have approved - constitutional reforms - put forward !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "by King Mohammed VI - in response to the - pro-democracy protests !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the turnout - was 72% - 98.5% of the people - voted in favour !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "these constitutional reforms - grant executive powers - to a prime minister !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the concessions come - after protests - inspired by the Arab Spring !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 


 

 

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  • "( but the king - head of state - the military - and the faith - in Morocco ! )"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the prime minister - to be chosen - from the largest party !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "elected to parliament - takes over as head - of the government !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "but many protesters - sought a full - constitutional monarchy !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 


 

 


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Demonstrationen in Marokko - der Standard: LINK ¤ der STANDARD

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  • "Demonstrationen in Marokko - fordern weitreichende - politische Reformen !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

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  • "und rufen - "Würde - Freiheit - Soziale Gerechtigkeit"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

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  • "bei dem Referendum - hatten mehr als 98 Prozent der Wähler - für die !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

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  • "Verfassungsänderung gestimmt - die vom König Mohammed VI. - unter dem Eindruck !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

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  • "massiver Proteste - im ganzen Land - vorgelegt worden war !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

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  • "sie sieht eine teilweise - Machtverlagerung - auf den Ministerpräsidenten !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

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  • "und das Parlament - vor - sowie eine stärkere Unabhängigkeit - der Justiz !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 


 

 

 

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Marshallplan für Nordafrika - Daniel Bax - taz: LINK ¤ T A Z

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  • "die EU hatte in der Vergangenheit - im Maghreb - gedrängt gehabt !"

 

 

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  • "Märkte zu öffnen - und Einfuhrzölle zu senken !"

 

 

 

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  • "wenn Italiens Außenminister - Frattini - nun von einem - "Marshallplan"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

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  • "für Tunesien - spricht - dann geht es auch um - faire Handelsbedingungen !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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MAGHREB - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ MAGHREB

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Maghreb - Map:
LINK ¤ WIKIMEDIA
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