America







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Canadian Opinion of the USA - US cable - 2003: LINK ¤ 03OTTAWA723

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  • "only 25 percent of Canadians believe - that US foreign policy - "considers others"  !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "when making international - policy decisions !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "Canadians are also critical of the USA - in the economic sphere !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "56 percent dislike - "US ideas about business practices !""

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "68 percent believe - that the US should do more !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "to reduce the gap - between richer - and poorer countries !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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new
Foreign Policy Tone - US cable - 2009:
LINK ¤ 09OTTAWA634

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  • "a national columnist on the new Barack Obama - and the new foreign policy !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "it is hugely important for Canadians - to set a new tone !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "you could not underestimate that - because Bush's one-sided - rhetoric !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "off - for us - or against us !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "went over very badly - in Canada !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "many also give strong praise - to Barack Obama's - Cairo speech !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "it is widely - and favorably - noted in Canada !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "most participants express a keen desire - to understand better !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 


 

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  • "what Hillary Clinton means by the - "new global architecture"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Canadian Banks weathering the global Financial Crisis
- US cable - 2008:
LINK ¤ 08TORONTO66

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  • "the Canadian banks are weathering - the global financial crisis !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the IMF reports - that Canada's banking system is developed !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "and is well-positioned - to withstand a broad range of shocks !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "including turmoil stemming from the - US sub-prime mortgage meltdown !"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Canada's economic Health - US cable - 2008: LINK ¤ 08OTTAWA1372

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  • "Canada's macroeconomic indicators - are largely healthy !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "in spite of the - global financial crisis !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "Canada's history of cautious - highly-regulated financial operations !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "now shields the country - and looks - "prescient"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "among a host of different reserve - and capital base requirements !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "Canada never separated investment banks - from retail banking operations !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "and thus all brokerages - are part of the retail banks !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "this means that even investment - and brokerage operations !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "must meet the regulatory requirements - pertaining to retail banking operations !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Green Shift
Carbon Tax - US cable - 2008:
LINK ¤ 08OTTAWA833

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  • "party leader Stephane Dion deliberately portrays the plan - not only a carbon tax !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "but a fundamental shift - or "fiscal reform" - of the Canadian tax system !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "dovetailing the Green shift - with an anti-poverty plan !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "Canadians will pay - differently !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "Canadians are ahead - of their politicians !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "are looking for leadership - on climate protection !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "and are "ready to do the right thing" - for the environment - and for the economy !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the carbon tax is applied - at the wholesale level - on all fossil fuels !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "based on their level - of emissions !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the tax is set at US$ 10 per ton - of "greenhouse gas emissions"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "rising to US$ 40 per ton - in the fourth year !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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IPCC Report - US cable - 2007: LINK ¤ 07OTTAWA639

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  • "in reaction to the IPCC - UN climate report !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "Canada's new government recognizes - that leadership on this issue !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "means real action - must begin at home !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "we also realize - that for the global community - to make real progress - on climate protection !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "governments - companies - and citizens from around the world - have to work together !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 


 

 

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  • "and we must do so - now !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Regulatory Framework for the Reduction of Emissions
- US cable - 2007:
LINK ¤ 07OTTAWA795

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  • "the greenhouse gases - GHG - plan's targets force significant action - by Canada's sectors !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "mandatory targets require industry - to reduce the intensity of GHG emissions - by 18 percent !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "from levels by 2010 - and a further 2 percent annually - thereafter !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "effective international cooperation - on climate protection !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 


 

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  • "means that all countries - do their part - to reduce emissions !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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California Greenhouse Gas Law - US cable - 2006: LINK ¤ 06BRASILIA2150

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  • "California Governor - Arnold Schwarzenegger - signs a law !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "to reduce the state's - greenhouse gas emissions !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "we have begun a bold new era - of environmental protection - in California !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "that will change - the course of history !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "California reduces its emissions - to 1990 levels !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 


 

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  • "a cut of - 25 percent !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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WTO Hong Kong
- US cable - 2005:
LINK ¤ 05OTTAWA3747
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  • "in the WTO negotiations - World Trade Organization - Doha Round !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the manufacturers would have preferred - a more ambitious result ! - ( on industrial tariffs - in developed and emerging countries )"

 

 

 

 


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  • "business leaders would have preferred - reduced barriers on industrial goods !"

 

 

 



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  • "a development NGO wrote - "while the commitment - to end agricultural export subsidies !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!""

 

 

 

 

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  • "was a welcome achievement - because it will make it fairer !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 


 

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  • "in developing countries - with no too cheap imports !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 


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  • "the problem was that there was no real movement - on domestic subsidies !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 


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  • "developing countries - need more domestic subsidies - to reduce poverty !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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G-20 Meeting - US cable - 2009: LINK ¤ 09OTTAWA161
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  • "in the G-20 meeting - in London - about the global financial crisis !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "no Canadian bank - other than US banks - is anywhere near collapse !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 


 

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  • "Canada's regulatory oversight - has strict reserve - and capital requirements !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "and Canadian banks - are well-capitalized !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 



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  • "in general terms - Canada wants to better regulate - the international financial system !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "and create - greater transparency !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 



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  • "it believes that the structures - including the International Monetary Fund - IMF !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 


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  • "could and should be put - to better use !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 



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  • "Finance Minister Flaherty reiterates - five necessary steps - that have to be taken globally !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "regulating all pools of capital - that rely on leverage !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "making sure the transparency requirements - are in place !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "those transparency requirements - are the price of admission - to the global markets !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 


 

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  • "creating capital - and liquidity buffers - large enough !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 


 

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  • "to handle shocks - with strong balance sheets - similar to the Canadian system !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "ensuring regulation looks - at the system as a whole !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 



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  • "not just - individual institutions !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 


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  • "making market infrastructure - more transparent - and resilient !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 



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  • "and strengthening international cooperation - review - and surveillance !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 



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  • "to create a better second line - of defence !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "Bank of Canada Governor Carney has stated - that US banks !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "should bring their asset-to-capital ratio - leverage ratio !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "to the 20-to-1 levels - of Canadian banks !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 


 

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  • "( lending - for every US$ 20 in assets - there is US$ 1 in capital !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! )"

 

 

 

 

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  • "( the US banks had up to high risky - 40-to-1 - levels !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! )"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


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- US Financial Crisis Inquiry Report:


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  • "the US financial crisis - was the result of human action - and inaction !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the financial companies - and the public stewards - of the financial system !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "ignored warnings - and failed to question - understand - and manage evolving risks !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "deregulation - and the so-called self-regulation by financial institutions !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "championed for example by former - Federal Reserve chairman - Alan Greenspan ! - ( and financial companies - had lobbied for it ! )"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "had stripped away - key safeguards !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "which would have helped avoid - financial catastrophe !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "and there were gaps in oversight - in the shadow banking system !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "and in the over-the-counter derivatives - markets !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "with better regulation - the financial crisis - could have been avoided !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the five investment banks - Bear Stearns - Goldman Sachs !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "Lehman Brothers - Merrill Lynch - and Morgan Stanley !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "were operating - with extraordinarily thin capital !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "their leverage ratios - were as high as - 40 to 1 !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "meaning for every US$ 40 in assets - there was only US$ 1 in capital - to cover losses !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "which was very risky - and brought them - near collapse !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "Lehman Brothers - collapsed !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the repo lending market - off-balance-sheet entities !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "and over-the-counter derivatives - must be regulated !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "they must not be - hidden from view !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "we need protections - constructed to prevent - financial meltdowns !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "we need new 21st-century - safeguards - for the financial system !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 



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  • "( and not 19th-century - safeguards !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! )"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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AMERICA
- Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ AMERICA

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  • "America - is a continent !!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

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Americas
-
Map: LINK ¤ WIKIMEDIA
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