Climate Change





the COP26 is a Success - BBC: LINK ¤ B B C

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  • "a new global agreement - the Glasgow Climate Pact - is reached at the COP26 summit !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the COP26 delegates make progress on - emissions cuts - and climate adaptation !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the agreement sets the global agenda - on climate protection - for the next decade !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the result of COP26 is the - Glasgow Climate Pact - negotiated through consensus of the representatives - of the 197 attending parties !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the pact is the first climate deal - to explicitly commit to reducing - the use of coal !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "it includes wording that encourages - more urgent greenhouse gas - emissions cuts !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "and promises more climate finance - for developing countries - to adapt to the climate !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "emissions cuts - known as mitigation - national plans on cutting emissions - by 2030 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "known as nationally determined contributions - NDCs - have to be bettered !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "it is agreed countries will meet next year - to pledge further cuts to emissions - of carbon dioxide - CO2 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "this provides those countries - that want higher ambition - on emissions cuts !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "with an important lever - to ensure laggard countries - must step up !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "before the Paris Agreement required parties - to carry out a process known as the - "ratchet mechanism"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "every five years to provide - improved national pledges !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "but the existing pledges - of the countries - have to be bettered !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "over 140 countries - pledge to reach - net-zero emissions !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "this includes 90% - of global GDP !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "( but China in 2060 - and India in 2070 )"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "for the first time at a COP conference - there is an explicit plan - to reduce use of coal !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! - ( 40% CO2 )"

 

 

 

 

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  • "however - countries only agreed a weaker commitment to - "phase down" - rather than - "phase out" - coal !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! - ( China and India )"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "originally there was a commitment to "phase-out" - the coal-fired power generation !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "but India and China - insisted on the change of the phrase - "phase down"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "a reference to phasing out fossil fuels - so even the watered-down commitment - is welcomed as a major step forward !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "for the goal - at least 40% - of the world’s existing coal-fired - power plants !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "must be closed by 2030 - and no new ones built !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "more than 40 countries - pledge to move away - from coal !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "South Africa - Chile - Poland - Ukraine - South Korea - Indonesia - and Vietnam agree !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "to phase out coal - in the 2030s !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! - ( not US - China - and India )"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "adaptation and climate finance - rich countries from 2010 to 2020 - gave poor countries - US$ 80bn !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "to help them cut emissions - but this was too one-sided - and too low !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the finance for the developing countries - now increases to US$ 500bn - for the next five years !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "this cash is spent on adaptation - and on emissions cuts !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "funding emissions-cutting projects - such as renewable energy schemes !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the proportion of climate finance going to adaptation - doubled !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "( but the UN and many countries are calling for - a 50:50 split - between adaptation - and emissions cuts !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! )"

 

 

 

 

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  • "many observers say the COP26 agreement - represents the - "start of a breakthrough"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "fossil fuels - world leaders agree to phase-out subsidies - that artificially !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "lowered the price of coal - oil - or natural gas !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the final text of the Glasgow Climate Pact - includes a call to - "accelerating efforts towards"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • ""phase-out of inefficient fossil fuel subsidies" - 34 countries - including Canada !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "France - Italy - and Spain - with several banks - and financial agencies !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "pledge to stop international funding - for "unabated fossil fuel energy sector"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the United States and China - reach an agreement about cooperation on measures - over the next decade !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "including lowering methane emissions - the switch to clean energy !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "phasing out the use of coal - and forest conservation !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "( China is recognising the need for urgent action - to reduce domestic coal emissions !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! )"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "India promises to draw half - of its energy requirement - from renewable sources - by 2030 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "trees - leaders from more than 100 countries - with about 85% of the world's forests !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "promise to end deforestation - by 2030 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "this is vital - as tress absorb vast amounts - of CO2 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "including Canada - the Democratic Republic of the Congo - Russia - and the United States !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "improving a weaker 2014 agreement - by now including Brazil - Indonesia - and more financial resources !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "methane - a scheme to cut 30% - of methane emissions !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! - ( a third )"

 

 

 

 

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  • "by 2030 - is agreed by more than 100 countries !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "Australia - China - India - Russia - and Iran - did not sign the deal !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "but it is hoped more countries - will join later !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "adaptation - the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group - calls for !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "more urban climate adaptation - especially in low-income countries !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "agriculture - 45 countries - including the US - Japan - UK - Germany - India - Indonesia !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "Morocco - Vietnam - Philippines - Gabon - Ethiopia - Ghana - and Uruguay !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "pledge to give more than US$ 4 billion - for transition to - sustainable agriculture !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the NGO "Slow Food" points out that one should not - concentrate on technological solutions !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "but a holistic agroecology - that transforms food into part !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "of a sustainable system - that works within natural boundaries !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the conference places electric cars - and pledges for vehicle electrification !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "but there should also be more sustainable transport modes - with a focus on public transport - and cycling !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "Green hydrogen has emerged as one of the major areas - where companies collaborate !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "to help decarbonize hard - to abate industries !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "money - financial organisations of US$ 130tn - agree to back - "clean" technologies !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "such as renewable energy - and direct finance away from - fossil fuel-burning industries !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "a group of larger finance companies - commits to net zero !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "portfolios - and loan books - by 2050 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "COP26 is the moment countries - revisits climate pledges - made under the Paris Agreement !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "in the "Conference of the Parties" - 200 countries are asked for better plans - to cut emissions by 2030 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the goal is to keep cutting emissions - until they reach net zero - by mid-century !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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COP 25 Conference - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN

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  • "in the UN climate conference - COP 25 - all parties agree !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "that the next 10 years of transformation - are important !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "there is strong public and political pressure - participants acknowledge !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "on the US - China - Brazil - and Australia - over technical details !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "there is widespread recognition - that the long-term targets - are important !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "and a better short-term climate plan - is needed - for the next 10 years !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the EU - the European Union - comes up with the strongest plan !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "agreeing a bloc-wide goal - of reaching net-zero carbon - by 2050 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "and scores of smaller countries - agree similar long-term targets !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "Brazil tried to negotiate - a provision on trade in carbon credits !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "that would allow its carbon sinks - mainly forests - to count towards its emissions-cutting goals !"

 

 

 

 

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  • "while also selling carbon credits derived from preserving forests - to other countries - to count towards their emissions targets !"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the other countries say this would be - double counting - and would undermine the carbon trading system !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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much of World's Fossil Fuel Reserve must stay buried - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN

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  • "the new research is first to identify - which reserves !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "of fossil fuel reserve - must stay buried !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! - ( for 1.5 C !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! )"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the prospects are bleakest for - coal !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "globally - 82% of the reserves - must be left underground !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "50% of global gas reserves - must be left underground !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "oil has the lowest proportion - with a third left unused !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "( there was about three times more fossil fuel in reserves - that could be exploited !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! )"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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IPCC: rapid Carbon Emission Cuts - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN

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  • "the stark UN report states - that there must be rapid - carbon emission cuts !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the IPCC reports - there have to be sharply and rapidly - carbon emissions cuts !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "and are both available - and affordable !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "Rajendra Pachauri - Chair of the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate - IPCC - says !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "the solutions are many - and allow for economic and - human development !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "we need a strong will - to change !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "it is the first IPCC report - that states - that it is economically affordable !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "and that carbon emissions - will ultimately have to fall to zero - by 2050 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Transformation to a World of clean Energy is affordable - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN

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  • "transformation required - to a world of clean energy !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "and the ditching of - fossil fuels !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "is eminently - affordable !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "according to a landmark - UN report !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "diverting hundred of billions of dollars - into renewable energy - and cutting energy waste !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "will shave just - 0.06% - off !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "expected annual economic growth rates - of 1% - 2% !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "its comprehensive analysis finds - rapid action limits under 1.5 C !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "along with measures - that cut energy waste !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "renewable energy - such as wind - hydropower - and solar - are most favourably !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "( as a result of its falling costs - and large scale deployment !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! )"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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UN Secretary-General - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN

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  • "the scientists find - total emissions cannot exceed 1,000 gigatons - of carbon !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "therefore we have to leave - fossil fuel reserves - unexploited !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "Ban Ki-moon - the UN Secretary-General - urges world leaders !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "to pay heed to the - world's authority - on climate !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "with a stronger - global deal - on cutting emissions !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "we must act - now !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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IPCC Report - Scenarios: 


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  • "the B1 scenario family - describes a convergent world - with the same global population !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "with rapid change in economic structures - toward a service - and information economy !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "with reductions in - material intensity !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "and the introduction of clean - and resource-efficient technologies !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "the emphasis is on - global solutions !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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  • "to economic - social - and environmental sustainability !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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  • "including improved - equity !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

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UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate - IPCC: LINK ¤ IPCC

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  • "the IPCC - the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate - is a scientific !!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

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  • "intergovernmental body - under the auspices of the United Nations !!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

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  • "the reports cover scientific - technical - and socio-economic information !!!!!!!!!!!!"

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