Multinational Corporation
Apple ordered to pay up to € 13bn - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN
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- "Apple - has been ordered - by the European Commission !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "to pay - a record figure - of up to - € 13bn - in back taxes !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "( tax breaks - in Ireland ! ) - ( a "head office" - existed on paper only ! )"
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- "the European Commissioner - Margrethe Vestager - suggested other countries !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "could claim - unpaid tax - from Apple - for the same period !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "Richard Murphy - tax campaigner - said "there must be" !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "fairer competition - and increased equality !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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the Apple Tax Ruling - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN_________________________________________
- "the European Commission - has ordered Apple - to pay back !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "the Irish state - up to € 13bn - in taxes - in a landmark ruling !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "( so-called - "double Irish" - tax structure ! ) - ( the company moved profits ! )"
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- "( 90% - of Apple's - cash stockpile - had been kept outside ! )"
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Tobacco Companies ordered to pay US$ 12bn in Canada - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN_________________________________________
- "a Canadian court - has awarded C$ 15.6bn - US$ 12bn - in damages !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "from three - tobacco companies - superior court justice - Brian Riordan !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "said companies - must not take profits - before the health - of their customers !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "the judgment was against - three tobacco companies - Imperial Tobacco Canada !"
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- "Rothmans - Benson & Hedges - and JTI Macdonald Ltd !"
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- "on the grounds - that these companies - knew the risks !"
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Apple Tax - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN_________________________________________
- "the tax rate - of one of those Irish affiliates !"
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- "Apple Sales International - ASI - 0.05% !"
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- "Google - and Amazon - came under attack - from UK - MPs !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "and tax campaigners - Margaret Hodge - chair of the public accounts committee !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "said to Google's - northern Europe boss - Matt Brittin !"
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- "that his company's behaviour - on tax - was calculated - and unethical !"
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- "he had been recalled by MPs - after being accused - of misleading parliament !"
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Accountants - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN_________________________________________
- "the - "big four" - accountancy firms - must be better regulated !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "knowledge - gained from staff - seconded to the UK ministry - of treasury !"
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- "had provided the government - with expert accountants - to draw up tax laws !"
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- "loopholes - like transfer pricing - have to be closed !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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Australia on Multinationals - the Guardian: LINK ¤ the GUARDIAN
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- "Australia - forced multinationals - to disclose - their tax arrangements !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "to curb - tax avoidance - by multinational corporations !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "2,000 - businesses - have their tax details !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "published by the government - so that there are no loopholes !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
APPLE - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ APPLE
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- "Apple Inc. - computer !"
- "there was significant criticism - regarding the - labor practices !"
- "of its contractors - most abroad !"
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MICROSOFT - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ MICROSOFT_________________________________________
- "Microsoft Corporation - computer software !"
- "criticism of Microsoft - because of its products - and business practices !"
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- "ease of use - stability - and security - of the company's software !"
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- "targets for critics were - locking vendors - and not !"
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- "following - and complying - with existing standards - in its software !"
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- "the company - had been in numerous lawsuits - by several governments !"
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- "Hewlett-Packard Company - HP - computer !"
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- "Google LLC - Internet-search !"
- "advertising programs - 96% - Google's revenue !"
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IBM - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ I B M
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- "IBM - International Business Machines Corporation - computer !"
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- "Facebook Inc. - online social media !"
- "advertising - most revenue !"
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SONY - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ SONY
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- "Sony Corporation - electronics !"
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- "Coca-Cola Company - beverage !"
- "controversies and lawsuits - related to human rights - and unethical practices !"
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- "Mondelēz International Inc. - sweets !"
MARS - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ MARS
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- "Mars Incorporated - confectionery !"
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- "Philip Morris International Inc - tobacco !"
- "the company's operations - were controversial - and the subject of litigation !"
- "and restrictive legislation - from governments - about the health !"
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- "the Department of Justice - had filed a lawsuit - against Philip Morris !"
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- "Altria - cigarettes - Judge Gladys Kessler found - that the government !"
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- "had proven its case - Philip Morris had conspired - to minimize !"
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- "and confuse the public - about the health - of smoking !"
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- "concealed - and suppressed - research data - about nicotine !"
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- "marketed "light" - and "low tar" brands - misleaded people !"
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- "publicly denied - while internally acknowledging - about secondhand !"
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- "tobacco smoke - and destroyed documents - relevant to litigation !"
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- "McDonald's Corporation - fast food !"
- "the term - "McJob" - low-paying job !"
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- "that had little skill - and little opportunity - for advancement !"
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Workers went on Strike - Reuters: LINK ¤ REUTERS
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- "fast-food workers - including McDonald's - and Burger King !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "went on strike - to demand better pay !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "fast-food workers - were seeking wages of - US$ 15 - an hour !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
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- "and the right - to unionize - without retaliation !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
AIG - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ A I G
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- "AIG - American International Group Inc. - insurance !"
- "2008 - AIG’s credit rating - was downgraded - mainly because of !"
- "credit default swaps - CDSs - leading to a liquidity crisis - that bankrupted all of AIG !"
- "the Federal Reserve Bank - credit facility of - US$ 85 billion !"
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- "Allianz SE - insurance !"
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- "Axa S.A. - insurance !"
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- "Assicurazioni Generali S.p.A. - insurance !"
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- "Lloyds Banking Group plc - insurance !"
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- "Munich Re Group - re-insurance !"
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- "Swiss Reinsurance Company Ltd - re-insurance !"
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PRICEWATERHOUSE COOPERS - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ P W C
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- "PricewaterhouseCoopers - PwC - accounting !"
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- "a partner - involved in designing - the tax plan for - Caterpillar !"
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- "commented - "they would be retired - when this came up on audit" !"
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- "Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited - accounting !"
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- "Ernst & Young Global Limited - EY - accounting !"
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- "the Valukas Report - charged that Lehman Brothers - engaged in a practice !"
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- "known as - "repo 105" - and that EY - Lehman's auditor - was aware of it !"
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- "KPMG - KPMG International Cooperative - accounting !"
- "KPMG admitted - criminal wrongdoing - tax shelters !"
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- "and agreed to pay - US$ 456 million - in penalties !"
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- "Arthur Andersen LLP - accounting !"
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- "2002 - the firm voluntarily - surrendered its licenses - to practice !"
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- "after being found guilty - of criminal charges - relating to the !"
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- "firm's handling - of the auditing - of Enron !"
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- "an accounting scandal - by means of institutional - and systematic !"
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- "revenue from Enron - was found to have sustained - itself !"
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- "the Powers Committee - came to the following assessment - "the evidence" !"
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- "suggested that Andersen - did not fulfill - its professional responsibilities !"
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- "in connection - with its audits - of Enron's - financial statements !"
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- "Andersen was convicted - of obstruction of justice - for shredding documents !"
OMNICOM Group - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ OMNICOM
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- "Omnicom Group Inc. - advertising !"
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- "WPP plc - advertising !"
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- "IPG - Interpublic Group of Companies Inc. - advertising !"
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PUBLICIS Group - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ PUBLICIS
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- "Publicis Groupe - advertising !"
BHP - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ BHP
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- "BHP - BHP Group Limited - mining !"
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- "Rio Tinto - Rio Tinto plc - mining !"
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- "Rio Tinto Group - had been widely criticised - by environmentalist groups !"
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- "safety - and labour rights - had been raised by unions !"
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- "Vale S.A. - mining !"
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- "Anglo American plc - mining !"
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- "Glencore plc - mining !"
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Phoebus - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ PHOEBUS
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- "the Phoebus cartel - had been a cartel - the manufacture !"
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- "and sale - of light bulbs - planned obsolescence !"
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- "life expectancy - of light bulbs - of 1000 hours !"
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- "while at the same time - had raised prices !"
MULTINATIONAL CORPORATION - Wikipedia EN: LINK ¤ MULTINATIONAL CORPORATION
