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• "almost every culture in a country eventually develops a corpus of stories - that serves to explain the culture's origins !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

• "in Europe, at least in the Celtic regions - these are the important works about the Arthurian mythos !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the works are of various genres - including romances, poetry, comedies, and songs !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "the different works span several centuries - dating from the 9th, but going as far back as the 6th century !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "about "King Arthur" - and his comrades !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "Celtic mythology - and medieval European cultural values !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "assuming that "King Arthur" is an actual historical figure - he would have lived in the 5th century !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "with the "Round Table" ruling - as an idyllic utopia from "Camelot"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the origins of the Arthurian legend - can be found in the Celtic legends !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

• "for example: as he himself once had been wounded - he then was carried off to "Avalon" - to recuperate - until he healthy returns home !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the most important works of this type - are the ones written by "Chrétien de Troyes"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "the Story of the "Grail" - about the heroic knights "Ywain", and "Perceval"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "and stories relating to the Celtic myths - the "Book of Taliesin", and the "Mabinogion"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "it is about relationships between men and women - "Lancelot" and "Guinevere" - Sir "Gawain" and his wife !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "both are knights of the "Round Table" - who quest after the "Holy Grail"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

• "it is in the "Mabinogion" - a collection of Celtic, and Brythonic legends - that we find the earliest references to "Arthur"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "where the character of "Yvaine" - alternately spelled Ywain, Owain, Owen - is also important !!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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• "these stories all derive from sets of ideas - that extends back to the pre-Christian era !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "the early legends about the "Holy Grail" - and the "Fisher King"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "are derived from Celtic beliefs - and from Celtic wisdom !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the characters all speak to us - because they are showing that people have the same concerns !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "about the world - and one's place in it !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the "Holy Grail" stands for the spiritual form - of enlightenment !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

- the Searching for the Holy Grail: 

 

• "of course, what most people really think about - when they're reminded of "King Arthur"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "is the quest - for the "Holy Grail"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "to put it more accurately - the quests for the "Holy Grail"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "actually, it seems like "Grail" questing is pretty much the hobby - of all the knights of the "Round Table"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "all of Arthur's really important knights - are seaching for the "Holy Grail"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "likewise, accounts feature mutually exclusive discoveries of the "Holy Grail" by various knights - especially Perceval !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the salient point is - that seriously searching for the "Holy Grail"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "leads to - spiritual completion !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "for the attainment - of a perfect soul !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the wisdom required - to acquire the "Holy Grail"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "is just as important - as actually reaching it !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "this is ultimately the lesson and meaning - behind the "Holy Grail"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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• "in Chrétien de Troyes's the Story of the Grail - the "Grail" is a very strongly shining bowl !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "the "Grail" - shines from one room to another !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "as the Guardians of the "Grail" enter the hall - and bearing in her hands the "Grail"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "so great a brightness shines around - and cast its light, the watchers find !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the candlelight grow dim as, far off - dims the brightness of a star - when the sun rises !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

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• "connected with the "Holy Grail" - is a figure known as the "Fisher King"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "the "Fisher King" is the hospitable ruler over a formerly great domain - but the "Fisher King" was frail"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the "Fisher King" is kept alive solely by the sustenance he receives - from the "Grail"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "identified as a magically - regenerating communion wafer !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the "Fisher King", and the Guardians of the "Grail" - are the protectors of the "Holy Grail"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "and the health of the "Fisher King" is intimately connected - to that of his country !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the main point is that the "Holy Grail" - can heal the "Fisher King"  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

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• "and thus - the country !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the "Fisher King" is being healed - by asking:  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

• "whom does the "Grail" - serve ?"

 

 

 

 

• "whom one serves - by the "Grail"  ?"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "but the title character "Perceval" failed to ask - and thus he did not attain the "Grail""

 

 

 

 

 

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• "after "Perceval" left the castle of the "Fisher King" - the castle disappeared for him"

 

 

 

 

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• "and the all-knowing Guardians of the "Grail" - afterwards reproached "Perceval" for failing"

 

 

 

 

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• "for not asking !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the more the "Holy Grail" - is honoured !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "the more the "Holy Grail" - is shining !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

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• "and the better it is - for the land !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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